Saudi Arabia

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is an absolute monarchy comprising most of the Arabian Peninsula in the Middle East, with its capital in Riyadh and ruled by the House of Saud as its royal family. While maintaining its unique political and economic system as a major country in the Middle East region, it plays a central role in the regional economic order backed by its vast territory and industrial base.

According to the 2025 indicator snapshot, the total population reached approximately 36.97 million people, up 4.7% year-on-year, and nominal GDP (in USD) stood at approximately $1.2769 trillion, up 1.8% year-on-year. On the economic growth front, the real GDP growth rate showed a recovery to 4.5% (up 1.9 percentage points from the previous year). On the other hand, influenced in part by the population growth trend, nominal GDP per capita (in USD) was approximately $34,537, down -2.8% year-on-year, and the real GDP per capita growth rate remained slightly in negative territory at -0.2% (up 1.8 percentage points from the previous year).

In terms of external transactions, although trade (% of GDP) reached 57.9% (up 1.5 percentage points from the previous year), the current account balance (% of GDP) came to -2.6% (down -1.3 percentage points from the previous year). Regarding the domestic labor market and price trends, the unemployment rate showed an improving trend at 3.0% (down -0.5 percentage points from the previous year), and the consumer price inflation rate moved at a stable level of 2.0% (up 0.5 percentage points from the previous year). Real interest rates and government debt (% of GDP) are undisclosed.