Australia

The Commonwealth of Australia, located in Oceania, is a federal constitutional monarchy comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous small islands, with Canberra as its capital. The country possesses rich nature and a vast territory, backed by a stable social and economic foundation as a leading nation driving the Oceania region.

Looking at economic trends in 2025, real GDP growth stood at 1.4% (-0.02 pt change from the previous year), maintaining positive growth, albeit at a slow pace. Although the total population continued to expand to approximately 27.61 million (up 1.5% year-on-year), per capita real GDP growth remained at -0.2% (0.4 pt change from the previous year). Nominal GDP (in US dollars) was approximately 1.7985 trillion USD (up 2.4% year-on-year), and per capita nominal GDP stood at approximately 65,129.7 USD (up 0.8% year-on-year). In the labor market, the unemployment rate remained at a favorable level of 4.1% (0.1 pt change from the previous year), and consumer price inflation eased to 2.9% (-0.3 pt change from the previous year), indicating a softening of price pressures.

On the external and fiscal fronts, trade (% of GDP) in 2025 stood at 45.9% (-1.2 pt change from the previous year), and the current account balance (% of GDP) was -2.8% (-0.5 pt change from the previous year). On the fiscal side, government debt (% of GDP) as of 2022 recorded 57.9%, showing improvement with a 12.0 pt decline from the previous year. Data on real interest rates has not been published.