Australia

Australia is a federal constitutional monarchy located in Oceania and a developed country with a significant presence in the global economy. Its vast land holds abundant natural resources, and mining is one of the foundations of the country's economy. In recent years, the service industry has also been positioned as a key driver of economic growth.

Looking at the latest economic indicators (as of 2025), Australia's real GDP growth rate remained at 1.4%, nearly the same level as the previous year. The total population continued to expand, increasing by 1.5% year-on-year to approximately 27.61 million people, but it is noteworthy that real GDP per capita growth decreased slightly to -0.2%. Nominal GDP (dollar-denominated) was approximately $1.8 trillion, a 2.4% increase year-on-year, and nominal GDP per capita (dollar-denominated) was approximately $65,130, an increase of 0.8% year-on-year. The consumer price inflation rate was 2.9%, still above the target range, but decreased by 0.3 percentage points from the previous year, showing signs of moderation. The unemployment rate remained low at 4.1%, indicating a robust labor market. On the fiscal front, government debt (as a percentage of GDP) as of 2022 was 57.9%, a significant decrease of nearly 12.0 percentage points from the previous year, suggesting an improvement in the fiscal situation. However, the current account balance was in deficit at -2.7% of GDP, and trade (as a percentage of GDP) also contracted by 1.2 percentage points from the previous year to 45.9%.