Russian Federation

The Russian Federation is a vast federal republic located in the northern part of the Eurasian continent, with its capital in Moscow. Its economy is supported by abundant natural resources, especially energy resources, and plays a significant role in the global economy.

According to the latest indicator snapshot, nominal GDP (in US dollars) as of 2025 reached $2.5613 trillion, an increase of 17.1% year-on-year. Per capita nominal GDP also reached $17,546.6, recording a 17.3% increase year-on-year. In contrast, real GDP growth remained at a low level of 1.0%, decelerating by 3.9 percentage points from the previous year. Per capita real GDP growth similarly stood at 1.1%, also decelerating by 3.9 percentage points from the previous year. Regarding prices, consumer price inflation remained high at 8.7%, an increase of 0.3 percentage points from the previous year. Real interest rates as of 2024 were 5.8%, up 1.2 percentage points from the previous year. Meanwhile, the labor market remained robust, with the unemployment rate in 2025 at an extremely low level of 2.1%, an improvement of 0.3 percentage points from the previous year.

On the fiscal front, government debt (as a percentage of GDP) as of 2024 was low at 17.9%, a decrease of 0.9 percentage points from the previous year. Looking at external economic relations, the current account balance (as a percentage of GDP) in 2025 maintained a surplus of 1.7%, though it narrowed by 1.2 percentage points from the previous year. Furthermore, trade (as a percentage of GDP) stood at 33.7%, a decrease of 5.7 percentage points from the previous year. The total population as of 2025 was 143,513,328, a slight decrease of 0.1% year-on-year. Overall, while nominal GDP expanded significantly, real economic growth decelerated, and a situation of persistent high inflation can be observed.